2017年12月大学英语六级考试真题（第1套)Part IWriting(30 minutes)请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试Directions:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying "Respect others,andyou will be respected."You can cite examples to illustrate your views.You should write at least 150 words but no morethan 200 words.Listening Comprehension(30 minutes)SectionADirections:In this section,you will hear two long conversations At the end of each conversation,you will hear fourquestions.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose thebest answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 witha single line through the centre.Questionsl to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1.A)They reward businesses that eliminate food waste.B)They prohibit the sale of foods that have gone stale.C)They facilitate the donation of unsold foods to the needy.D)They forbid businesses to produce more foods than needed.2.A)It imposed penalties on businesses that waste food.B)It passed a law aim ing to stop overproduction.C)It voted against food import from outside EuropeD)It prohibited the promotion of bulk food sales.3.A)It has warmed its people against possible food shortageB)It has penalized businesses that keep overproducing foods.C)It has started a nationwide campaign against food waste.D)It has banned supermarkets from dumping edible foods.4.A)The confusion over food expiration labels.B)The surplus resulting from overproduction.C)Americans'habit of buy ing food in bulk.D)A lack of regulation on food consumption.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5.A)It has started a week-long promotion campaign.B)It has just launched its annual anniversary sales.C)It offers regular weekend sales all the year round.D)It specializes in the sale of ladies designer dresses.6.A)Price reductions for its frequent customers.B)Coupons for customers with bulk purchases.C)Free delivery of purchases for senior customers.D)Price adjustments within seven days of purchase.7.A)Mail a gift card to her.B)Allow her to buy on credit.C)Credit it to her account.D)Give her some coupons.8.A)Refunding for goods retumed.B)Free installing of appliances.C)Prolonged goods warranty.D)Complimentary tailor ingSection BDirections:In this section,you will hear two passages.At the end of each passage,you will hear three or four questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answerfrom the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single linethrough the centre.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.9.A)They are thin,tall,and unlike real human beings.B)They have more than twenty different hair textures.C)They have twenty-four different body shapes in total.D)They represent people from virtually all walks of life10.A)They do not reflect young girls'aspirations.B)They are not sold together with the original.C)Their flat feet do not appeal to adolescents.D)Their body shapes have not changed much.11.A)In toy stores.B)In shopping malls.C)On the Intemet.D)At Barbie shops.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.12.A)Moveable metal type began to be used in printingB)Chinese printing technology was first introduce.C)The earliest known book was published.D)Metal type was imported from Korea.13.A)It had more than a hundred printing presses.B)It was the biggest printer in the 16th century.C)It helped the German people become literate.D)It produced some 20 million volumes in total.14.A)It pushed handwritten books out of circulation.B)It boosted the circulation of popular works.C)It made writing a very profitable career.D)It provided readers with more choices.15.A)It accelerated the extinction of the Latin language.B)It standardized the publication of grammar books.C)It turned translation into a welcome profession.D)It promoted the growth of national languages.Section CDirections:In this section,you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions.Therecordings will be played only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choicesmarked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16.A)They get bored after working for a period of time.B)They spend an average of one year finding a job.C)They become stuck in the same job for decades.D)They choose a job without thinking it through.17.A)See if there will be chances for promotion.B)Find out what job choices are available.C)Watch a film about ways of job hunting.D)Decide which job is most attractive to you.18.A)The qualifications you have.B)The pay you are going to get.C)The culture of your target companyD)The work environment you will be in.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.19.A)It is as important as Christmas for African-Americans.B)It is a cultural festival founded for Afr ican-Americans.C)It is an ancient festival celebrated by African-Amer icans.D)It is a religious festival celebrated by African-Americans.20.A)To urge African-Americans to do more for society.B)To call on African-Americans to worship their gods.C)To help African-Americans to realize their goals.D)To remind African-Amer icans of their sufferings.21.A)Faith in self-determination.B)The first fruits of the harvest.C)Unity and cooperative economics.D)Creative work and achievement.22.A)They recite a principle.B)They take a solemn oath.C)They drink wine from the unity cup.D)They call out their ancestors'names.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.23.A)It is one of the world's most healthy diets.B)It contains large amounts of dairy products.C)It began to impact the world in recent years.D)It consists mainly of various kinds of seafood.24.A)It involved 13,000 researchers from Asia,Europe and America.B)It was conducted in seven Mid-Eastern countries in the 1950s.C)It is regarded as one of the greatest researches of its kind.D)It has drawn the attention of medical doctors the world over.25.A)They care much about their health.B)They eat foods with little fat.C)They use little oil in cooking.D)They have lower mortality rates.Reading Comprehension(40 minutes)SectionADirections:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a listof choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.In the past 12 months,Nigeria has suffered from a shrinking economy,a sliding currency,and a prolonged fuelshortage.Now,Africa's largest economy is facing a food crisis as major tomato fields have been destroyed by an insect,leading to a nationwide shortage and escalating prices.The insect,Tutaabsoluta,has destroyed 80%of farms in Kaduna,Nigeria's largest tomato producing state,leading thegovernment there to declare a state of 26.The insect,also known as the tomato leaf miner,devastates crops by 27 onfruits and digging into and moving through stalks.It 28incredibly quickly,breeding up to 12 generations per year ifconditions are favorable.It is believed to have_29 in South America in the early 1900s,and later spread to Europe beforecrossing over to sub-Saharan Africa.In Nigeria,where tomatoes are a staple of local diets,the insect's effects are devastating.Retail prices for a 30 oftomatoes at local markets have risen from $0.50 to $2.50.Farmers are reporting steep losses and a new $20 milliontomato-paste factory has 31 production due to the shortages.Given the moth's ability also to attack crops like pepper and potatoes,Audu Ogbeh,Nigeria's minister of agriculture,has warned that the pest may "create serious problems for food 32"in the country.Ogbeh says experts are investigatinghow to control the pest's damage and prevent its spread,which has gone largely 33 until now.Despite being the continent's second-largest producer of tomatoes,Nigeria is 34 on $1 billion worth of tomato-pasteimports every year.as around 75%of the local harvest goes to waste thanks to a lack of proper storage facilities.Afurther 35 in local supplies is yet another unwelcome setback to the industry.A)dependentI)originatedB)embarkingJ)reductionC)emergencyK)reproducesD)feedingL)securityE)grazesM)terrorF)haltedN)uncheckedG)handfulO)untouchedH)multitudeSection BDirections:In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement containsinformation given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose aparagraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the correspondingletter on Answer Sheet 2.Who's Really Addicting You to Technology?A."Nearly everyone I know is addicted in some measure to the Internet,"wrote Tony Schwartz in The New York Times.It'sa common complaint these days.A steady stream of similar headlines accuse the Net and its offspring apps,social mediasites and online games of addicting us to distractionB.There's little doubt that nearly everyone who comes in contact with the Net has difficulty disconnecting Many of us,likeSchwartz,struggle to stay focused on tasks that require more concentration than it takes to post a status update.As oneperson ironically put it in the comments section of Schwartz's online article,"As I was reading this very excellent article.Istopped at least half a dozen times to cheek my email."C.There's something different about this technology:it is both invasive and persuasive.But who's at fault for its overuse?To find solutions,it's important to understand what we're dealing with.There are four parties conspiring to keep youconnected:the tech,your boss,your friends and you.D.The technologies themselves,and their makers,are the easiest suspects to blame for our diminishing attention spans.Nicholas Carr,author of The Shallows:What the Internet Is Doing to Our Brains,wrote,"The net is designed to be aninterruption system,a machine geared to dividing attention."E.Online services like Facebook,Twitter and the like,are called out of manipula-tion-making products so good thatpeople can't stop using them.After studying these products for several years,I wrote a book about how they do it.I learnedit all starts with the business model.Since these services rely on advertising revenue,the more frequently you use them,themore money they make.It's no winder these companies employ teams of people focused on engineering their services to beas engaging as possible.These products aren't habit-forming by chance;it's by design.They have an incentive to keep ushooked.F.However,as good as these services are,there are simple steps we can take to keep them at bay.For example,we canchange how often we receive the distracting notifications that trigger our urge to check.According to Adam Marchick,CEOof mobile marketing company Kahuna,less than 15 percent of smartphone users ever bother to adjust their notificationsettlings--meaning the remaining 85 percent of us default to the app makers'every preset trigger.Google and Apple havemade it far too difficult to adjust these settings so it's up to us to take steps ensure we set these triggers to suit our own needs,not the needs of the app makers'.G While companies like Facebook harvest attention to generate revenue from advertisers,other technologies have no suchagenda.Take email,for example.This system couldn't care less how often you use it.Yet to many,email is the mosthabit-forming medium of all.We check email at all hours of the day-we're obsessed,But why?Because that's what theboss wants.For almost all white-collar jobs,email is the primary tool of corporate communication,A slow response to amessage could hurt not only your reputation but also your livelihood.H.Your friends are also responsible.Think about this familiar scene.People gathered around a table,enjoying food andeach other's company.There's laughter and a bit of kidding Then,during an inter val in the conversation,someone takes outtheir phone to check who knows what.Barely anyone notices and no one says a thingI.Now imagine the same dinner,but instead of checking their phone,the person belches()-loudly.Everyone notices.Unless the meal takes place in a beer house,this is considered bad manners.The impolite act violates the basic rules ofetiquette.One has to wonder:why don't we apply the same social norms to checking phones during meals,meetings andconversations as we do to other antisocial behaviors?Somehow,we accept it and say nothing when someone offends.J.The reality is taking one's phone out at the wrong time is worse than belching because,unlike other minor offense,checking tech is contagious.Once one person looks at their phone,other people feel compelled to do the same,starting achain reaction.The more people are on their phones,the fewer people are talking until finally you are the only one left notreading email or checking Twitter.From a societal perspective,phone checking is less like belching in public and more likeanother bad habit.Our phones are like cigarettes-something to do when we're anxious,bored or when our fingers needsomething to toy with Seeing others enjoy a smoke,or sneak a quick glance,is too tempting to resist and soon everyone isdoing it.K.The technology,your boss,and your friends,all influence how often you find yourself using(or overusing)these gadgets.But there's still someone who deserves scrutiny-the person holding the phone.L.I have a confession.Even though I study habit-forming technology for a living,disconnecting is not easy for me.I'monline far more than I'd like.Like Schwartz and so many others,I often find myself distracted and off tack.I wanted toknow why so I began self-monitoring to try to understand my behavior.That's when I discovered an uncomfortable truth.Iuse technology as an escape.When I'm doing something I'd rather not do,or when I'm someplace I'd rather not be,I use myphone to port myself elsewhere.I found that this ability to instantly shift my attention was often a good thing,like whenpassing time on public transportation,But frequently my tech use was not so benign.When I faced difficult work,likethinking through an article idea or editing the same draft for the hundredth time,for example,a more sinister screen woulddraw me in.I could easily escape discom fort.temporarily.by answering email or browsing the web under the pretense ofso-called"research."Though I desperately wanted to lay blame elsewhere,I finally had to admit that my bad habits had lessto do with new-age.technology and more to do with old-fashioned procrastination()M.It's easy to blame technology for being so distracting but distraction is nothing new.Ar istotle and Socrates de bated thenature of"akrasia"--our tendency to do things against our interests.If we're honest with ourselves,tech is just another wayto occupy our time and minds,If we weren't on our devices.We'd likely do similarly unproductive.N.Personal technology is indeed more engaging than ever,and there's no doubt companies are engineering their productsand services to be more compelling and attractive.But would we want it any other way?The intended result of makingsomething better is that people use it more.That's not necessarily a problem,that's progress.O.These improvements don't mean we shouldn't attempt to control our use of technology.In order to make sure it doesn'tcontrol us,we should come to terms with the fact that it's more than the technology itself that's responsible for our habits.Our workplace culture,social norms and individual behaviors all play a part.To put technology in its place,we must beconscious not only ofhow technology is changing,but also of how it is changing us.36.Online services are so designed that the more they are used,the more profit they generate.37.The author admits using technology as an escape from the task at hand.38.Checking phones at dinners is now accepted as normal but not belching.39.To make proper use of technology,we should not only increase our awareness of how it is changing but also how it is