2022年06月大学英语四级考试真题（第2套）Part IWriting(30minutes)Directions:Suppose you are going to write a proposal to your student union for enrichingstudents'extracurricular activities.You are to write about what activities to organize and why.You will have 30 minutes to write the proposal.You should write at least 120 words but no morethan 180 words.Part IIListening Comprehension(25 minutes)温馨提示：2022年6月英语四级考试实考1套听力，本套听力内容与第1套完全一致，只是选项顺序不同，故而未重复给出。Part IIIReading Comprehension(40 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select oneword for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read thepassage through carefully before making your choices,Each choice in the bank is identifiedby a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a singleline through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.If you've ever looked at the ingredients list while grocery shopping,chances areyou've seen the term"natural flavors".But have you taken a 26 to consider what thesenatural flavors actually are?Most of us might think that "natural flavors"are,well,naturally good for us.A recent study in the journal Appetite found that when the word "natural"appearson packaging,people 27 that the food within is indeed healthier.In truth,naturalflavors do not 28 much,at least chemically speaking,from their flavor-boosting 29artificial flavors.Both can be made in a lab by trained flavorists,but artificial flavors usechemicals to give a product a 30 smell or taste.Natural flavors come from plant or animal 31,like fruit,vegetable,meat,fishor milk that is then processed or refined in some way.In short,natural flavors are 32from plants and animals to create specific flavors for processed foods.But that does not33 make it easier to tell what is really in your food.Because the Food and DrugAdministration(FDA)has not 34 the term,companies can use it to refer to prettymuch anything derived from a plant or animal.And natural flavors can also include avariety of chemical additives,such as preservatives.The FDA doesn't require companiesto reveal what additional chemicals a specific item 35.So if you want to know for certain what you're getting with your groceries,you mightwant to stick to the farmer's market.2022年6月英语四级真题第2套第1页共7页A)acknowledgeD)impliesB)chanceJ)necessarilyC)containsK)particularD)counterpartsL)perceiveE)definedM)secondF)differN)sourcesG)especiallyO)strangeH)extractedSection BDirections:In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraphfrom which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Eachparagraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter onAnswer Sheet 2.Fake holiday villa websites prompt warningA)During the British winter,the thought of two weeks in a coastal villa (withsoul-stirring views of the sea and a huge pool to enjoy is enough to offset (thelabor until the holidays start.For a growing number of people,however,their yearlybreak is turning into a nightmare as they find that the property they have paid thousandsfor does not exist and the website through which they booked it has disappearedB)Consumers have been warned to be aware of the potential for deception in this market,which is far from uncommon.In 2017 there were 1,632 cases of reported“villa fraud(诈骗)”，with victims losing an average of￡2,052，according to ActionFraud,the national center for reporting such frauds."Millions of pounds are lost eachyear by defrauded holidaymakers,"says Sean Tipton of the Association of BritishTravel Agents(ABTA).C)The problem has ballooned in the last 10 years,with frauds becoming more and moresophisticated.The fake websites have authentic-sounding names involving a mix ofkeywords,typically including the place name,“summer”,“villas''or“rentals'”.Detailsof legitimate(合法的)villas are often stolen from other sites.“When the fraudsters firststarted it was unsophisticated-the websites looked amateur and there wasn't a lot ofeffort,"says Tipton."Now they are clever.They extensively rip off legitimate websitesand use a different website name.They'll have pictures of a sales team and it might be apoor actor in New York that is down as their head of sales."D)Fraudsters target popular seaside destinations for British tourists visiting Spain whereprices can soar if demand exceeds supply.Prices are kept within reasonable ranges toavoid arousing suspicion."A villa might cost f 5,000 elsewhere and they will offer it atsay f 3,500.But a bit of a giveaway is that the villa will be cheaper than on otherwebsites and there's unlimited availability,"says Tipton.Fraudsters also invest inpay-per-click advertising to feature at the top of search engines when people type in2022年6月英语四级真题第2套第2页共7页phrases such as“Spanish seaside villas'”.E)With such a degree of professionalism,how can consumers find out if the websitethey're looking to book with is trustworthy?"When people book holiday villas they aredoing so through rose-colored glasses,"says Tony Neate,chief executive of Get SafeOnline,"They should be Googling the property,and looking on websites like GoogleMaps and StreetView to see if it's there.Also,speak to the person you're booking thevilla with on a landline phone,as fraudsters tend to only use mobiles."He also suggestsasking someone not going on the holiday to have a look at the website."They mightspot problems you don't spot."Another potential red flag is being asked to pay by banktransfer."The problem is that when the money leaves your account it's in theirsstraightaway and it's very hard to track it,"says Barclays Bank head of digital safety,Jodie Gilbert."We generally recommend other forms of payment,like credit card."F)Little seems to be known about these fraudsters,"There is no way to definitely knowwho they are,"says Neate."It could be anyone.It could be your next-door neighbor ororganized crime in Russia."Action Fraud says people should ensure the companyrenting the villa is a member of a recognized trade body such as ABTA.G)"By working with industry partners such as ABTA and Get Safe Online,we are able toissue alerts about the latest threats they should be aware of.If you believe you havefallen victim to fraud or cyber-crime,please report it to Action Fraud,"it adds.ABTAsays it is trying to combat the issue by running public awareness campaigns."It's agrowing problem and people can't stop fraudsters being dishonest,"says Tipton."They're still going to do it.It's not impossible to stop but as it's internet-based it'sharder to pursue.”H)Nick Cooper,the founder and co-owner of villa booking company Villa Plus,estimateshis company has uncovered more than 200 fake villa websites over the past two years,and doesn't believe enough is being done."It is hopeless to report fake villa websites tothe internet giants who host them,"he says."I found it impossible to speak to anyone.Also,once one bank account gets reported,they simply use another."I)For now the only way to stop fraudsters appears ultimately to lie in the hands of theconsumer."When people book their holidays they get so emotionally involved,andwhen they find that villa at a good price with availability in peak season,they are aneasy target,"says Cooper."The public has to learn to be far more aware they are atarget for these sort of frauds."But it's not just the financial cost."A family will turn upat a villa and find out it doesn't exist or the owner doesn't know who you are,"saysTipton."The problem then is you have to find accommodation at short notice.It can beincredibly expensive but it's the emotional cost,too."J)Carla O'Shaughnessy from Sydenham was searching last year for a good deal to book avilla in Majorca for a summer break for the family."I was comparing prices online andfound one that came in a bit cheaper than others,"says O'Shaughnessy.She emailed thecompany via its website,asking how far the villa was from the airport and about localrestaurants."They came back with believable answers;it was all very friendly andprofessional,"she says.Happy with the responses,O'Shaughnessy paid the full amountof f 3,000 via bank transfer into the travel agent's account and then forgot about it untila month before the booking.K)"I tried logging on to the website and couldn't,"she recalls."I Googled the agent's2022年6月英语四级真题第2套第3页共7页name and there were lots of complaints about him being a fraudster.If only I'd Googledbefore but I never thought of it."Although she found another villa in time for theirholiday,she admits she was much more cautious."I paid through a secure third-partysite and had phone conversations with the agent.But I wasn't able to relax until weturned up and I had the keys."36.Fraudsters often steal villa-booking information from authentic holiday websites.37.Fraudsters keep changing their bank accounts to avoid being tracked.38.It is suggested that people not going on the holiday might help detect website frauds39.More and more British holidaymakers find the seaside villas they booked onlineactually nonexistent.40.By checking an agent's name online before booking a villa,holidaymakers can avoidfalling into traps.41.Fraudsters are difficult to identify,according to an online safety expert.42.Holidaymakers have been alerted to the frequent occurrence of online villa-bookingfrauds.43.It is holidaymakers that can protect themselves from falling victim to frauds.44.Holidaymakers are advised not to make payments by bank transfer.45.Fraudsters advertise their villas at reasonable prices so as not to be suspected.Section CDirections:There are 2 passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questionsor unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passageSocial media can be a powerful communication tool for employees,helping them tocollaborate,share ideas and solve problems.Research has shown that 82%of employeesthink social media can improve work relationships and 60%believe it can supportdecision-making processes.These beliefs contribute to a majority of workers connectingwith colleagues on social media,even during work hours.Employers typically worry that social media is a productivity killer;more than half ofU.S.employers reportedly block access to social media at work.In my research with 277employees of a healthcare organization I found these concerns to be misguided.Socialmedia doesn't reduce productivity nearly as much as it kills employee retention.In the first part of the study I surveyed the employees about why and how they usedplatforms like Facebook,Twitter,or LinkedIn.Respondents were then asked about theirwork behaviors,including whether they felt motivated in their jobs and showed initiative atwork.I found employees who engage in online social interactions with co-workers throughsocial media blogs tend to be more motivated and come up with innovative ideas.But when2022年6月英语四级真题第2套第4页共7页employees interact with individuals outside the organization,they are less motivated andshow less initiativeIn the second part of the study I found 76%of employees using social media for worktook an interest in other organizations they found on social media.When I examined howrespondents expressed openness to new careers and employers,I found that they engaged insome key activities including researching new organizations and making new workconnections.These findings present a dilemma for managers:employees using social media at workare more engaged and more productive,but they are also more likely to leave yourcompany.Managers should implement solutions that neutralize the retention risk caused bysocial media.They can create social media groups in which employees will be more likely tocollaborate and less likely to share withdrawal intentions or discussions about external jobopportunities.Managers can also use social media to directly reduce turnover (intentions,by recognizing employees'accomplishments and giving visibility to employees'success stories.46.What does previous research about social media reveal?A)Most employees think positively of it.B)It improves employees'work efficiency.C)It enables employees to form connections.D)Employees spend much of their work time on it.47.What did the author's own research find about social media?A)It influences employees'work negativelyB)It does much harm to employee loyalty.C)It kills employees'motivation for work.D)It affects employers'decision-making.48.What did the author find in his study about the effect of online social interactions?A)It differs from employee to employee.B)It tends to vary with the platform used.C)It has much to do with whom employees interact with.D)It is hard to measure when employees interact with outsiders49.What problem was found with employees using social media for work?A)They seldom expressed their inner thoughts.B)Most of them explored new job opportunities.C)They were reluctant to collaborate with others.D)Many of them ended with lower productivity50.What does the author suggest managers do to neutralize the retention risk?A)Give promotions to employees for their accomplishments.2022年6月英语四级真题第2套第5页共7页